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Agriculture
The main cultures are rice, wheat, maize, soya and tubercles. The rice, the fundamental cereal of China, is cultivated mainly in the river basin of the Changjiang (Yangtsé), the regions of the south and the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, and its production occupies two fifth parts of the total of cereals in the country. In the last years, also the rice and the dry rice in the plains of the north take place. The wheat, that occupies around a fifth part of the cereal production of the country, cultivates itself in all the country, but its production concentrates more in the plains of the north. The maize occupies a quarter, is cultivated in the regions of the northeast, north and southwest. Soya has its greater production in the plains of the northeast and Huanghe-Huaihe. The tubercles are distributed mainly in the river basins of the Zhujiang river, the courses half and inferior of the Changjiang river, the course inferior of the Huanghe river and the depression of Sichuan. The main industrial cultures are sugar cotton, peanut, oilseed rape, sesame, cane, tea, tobacco, morera and fruits. The cotton takes place more in the river basin of the Huanghe, the courses half and inferior of the Changjiang and the river basin of the Mannas of Xinjiang. The main producing zones of peanut are Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi and Liaoning; those of oilseed rape, the courses half and inferior of the Changjiang and the depression of Sichuan; those of sugar cane, the regions of the south; and those of beet, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia. In China, the usable surface of grass is of more than 300 million hectares. The natural pastures are distributed mainly in Inner Mongolia, the depression between Tianshan and Altay de Xinjiang, and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Between 400 domestic species, the main ones are the pigs, bovines, ovines, horses, donkeys, mules, camels, hens, ducks, geese and rabbits. As of 1978, thanks to the development of the cattle ranch, it has increased evidently the production of cattle products like meat, poultries, eggs, milk and articles of skin and many of them have entered the international market. Before the reform and opening, the aquatic products of China came mainly from the inner rivers and Lagos and natural fishing grounds of the continental sea, and the volume of its annual marine water and fresh water production was not high. After 1978, China took the artificial young like the main thing from the aquatic production, whereas it developed with energy the fishing ground in distant and oceanic seas. The volume of aquatic products has come increasing to an annual rate superior to two million tons. At the moment, China has more than 20 corporations of transoceanic fishing ground, and has founded corporations of Chinese capital or with joint investments Chinese-foreigners abroad. The companies of corner and town were based on the base of the artisan industries and processing of agricultural products and secondary occupations on the field. After 1978, the companies of populated corner and underwent a quick development, becoming a pillar of the rural economy. In 1999, the added value industrialist created by the mentioned companies was of 2.5 trillions of yuanes, and the value of its exported products was of 720,000 million of yuanes. At present, China has more than 20 million corner companies and town, with 125 million workers. Their activities cover the industry, agriculture, the transports and the communications, the construction, the commerce, drinks and foods. The companies of corner and town are dedicated to the product production of agricultural use and daily, foods, agricultural products and of secondary occupations, light industry, etc. Many of their articles have entered the international market, representing an important percentage in the export of China.
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